Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Kaiser Permanente (2024)

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Test Overview

An electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) is a test that checks for problems with the electrical activity of your heart. An EKG shows the heart's electrical activity as line tracings on paper. The spikes and dips in the tracings are called waves.

The heart is a muscular pump made up of four chambers. The two upper chambers are called atria. The two lower chambers are called ventricles. A natural electrical system causes the heart muscle to contract. This pumps blood through the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body.

Why It Is Done

An EKG is done to:

  • Check the heart's electrical activity.
  • Find the cause of unexplained chest pain or pressure. This could be caused by a heart attack, inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart (pericarditis), or angina.
  • Find the cause of symptoms of heart disease. Symptoms include shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and heartbeats that are rapid and irregular (palpitations).
  • Find out if the walls of the heart chambers are too thick.
  • Check how well medicines are working and see if they are causing side effects that affect the heart.
  • Check how well mechanical devices that are implanted in the heart, such as pacemakers, are working. These devices help to control the heartbeat.
  • Check the health of the heart when other diseases or conditions are present. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and a family history of early heart disease.

How To Prepare

  • Understand exactly what test is planned, along with the risks, benefits, and other options.
  • Tell your doctor ALL the medicines, vitamins, supplements, and herbal remedies you take. Some may increase the risk of problems during your test. Your doctor will tell you if you should stop taking any of them before the test and how soon to do it.

How It Is Done

  • You may have to remove certain jewelry.
  • You will take your top off and be given a gown to wear.
  • You will lie on a bed or table. Parts of your arms, legs, and chest will be cleaned and may be shaved.
  • Small pads or patches (electrodes) will be placed, like stickers, on your skin on each arm and leg and on your chest. The electrodes are hooked to a machine that traces your heart activity onto a paper.
  • During the test, lie very still and breathe normally. Do not talk during the test.

How long the test takes

The test usually takes 5 to 10 minutes.

Watch

How It Feels

The electrodes may feel cool when they are put on your chest. If you have a lot of hair on your chest, a small area may need to be shaved to put the electrodes on. When the electrodes are taken off, they may pull your skin a little.

Risks

An EKG is a completely safe test. No electricity passes through your body from the machine, and there is no danger of getting an electrical shock.

Results

The doctor will look at the pattern of spikes and dips on your EKG to check the electrical activity in different parts of your heart. The spikes and dips are grouped into different sections that show how your heart is working.

Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) results

Normal:

The heart beats in a regular rhythm, usually between 60 and 100 beats per minute.

The tracing looks normal.

Abnormal:

The heart beats too slowly (such as less than 60 beats per minute).

The heart beats too fast (such as more than 100 beats per minute).

The heart rhythm is not regular.

The tracing does not look normal.

Sometimes your EKG may look normal even when you have heart disease. For this reason, the EKG should always be looked at along with your symptoms, past health, and a physical exam.

Related Information

  • Ambulatory Electrocardiogram (EKG)
  • Electrical System of the Heart
  • Exercise Electrocardiogram (EKG)
  • Medical Tests: Questions to Ask the Doctor

Credits

Current as of: June 24, 2023

Author: Healthwise Staff
Clinical Review Board
All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

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Current as of: June 24, 2023

Author: Healthwise Staff

Clinical Review Board
All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

Electrocardiogram (EKG)  | Kaiser Permanente (2024)

FAQs

Is ECG enough to detect heart problems? ›

But if you are having heart problems, your doctor may recommend getting this test. An ECG is pretty accurate at diagnosing many types of heart disease, although it doesn't always pick up every heart problem. You may have a perfectly normal ECG, yet still have a heart condition.

What can EKG not detect? ›

An EKG can only measure electrical activity for the time it is attached. This is often a very short period, usually a few seconds to a few minutes. If a person has infrequent heart issues, such as atrial fibrillation that only occurs every few days, an EKG might not detect it.

How accurate is EKG? ›

EKGs may be able to detect previous heart attacks. However, an EKG is not the most reliable way to detect previous heart attacks. According to a 2018 review , EKGs can detect previous heart attacks around 48.4% of the time. They can also detect the absence of any previous heart attack 83.5% of the time.

How long does it take for EKG results to come back? ›

After your EKG test, you can usually expect to receive your results on the same day. Depending on the findings, your doctor may request additional testing or follow-up appointments to further investigate any abnormalities or underlying issues.

Can you still have heart problems if your ECG is normal? ›

A person with a heart condition may have a normal ECG result if the condition does not cause a problem with the electrical activity of the heart. In this case, your doctor may recommend other tests, including: physical examination (listening to heart sounds)

Can you have heart failure with a normal echocardiogram? ›

Heart failure in patients with a normal ejection fraction is generally referred to as heart failure caused by LV diastolic dysfunction (ie, diastolic failure). Such a clinical definition of diastolic failure requires (1) the presence of signs and symptoms of heart failure and (2) a normal LV ejection fraction.

Does EKG rule out blockage? ›

"An EKG is used to determine whether the heart's rhythm is regular or irregular," explains Dr. Dayah. "It can also help evaluate whether a blockage may be reducing blood flow to the heart."

What is the best test to check for heart problems? ›

An echocardiogram is a common test. It gives a picture of your heart using ultrasound, a type of X-ray. It uses a probe either on your chest or down your oesophagus (throat). It helps your doctor check if there are any problems with your heart's valves and chambers, and see how strongly your heart pumps blood.

What Cannot be detected by an electrocardiogram? ›

Valvular defects cannot be detected using an ECG. Chest X-ray can be used to determine such defects. Therefore, an ECG can detect arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and also heart block but not valvular defects.

How often are EKGs incorrect? ›

This computer diagnosis is frequently wrong (up to 20% of cases)! These errors can be critical, for example, many patients in sinus rhythm have been started on dangerous medications due to an erroneous computer diagnosis of atrial fibrillation.

Is my heart ok if echo is normal? ›

The normal EKGs and ECHO that you have had are good indicators that your heart is healthy. The chest pains do have to be addressed because it can be an early sign of narrowing in the arteries of your heart. You should make sure you see your doctor regarding the chest pains.

Can anxiety cause abnormal EKG? ›

Sometimes these disorders can cause symptoms that mirror cardiovascular concerns, from increased heart rate (or a perception of one) to shortness of breath and chest pain, notes the Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Additionally, some manifestations of anxiety disorders can lead to abnormal ECG readings.

How far back can an EKG see? ›

An ECG can reveal if you had a silent heart attack up to months or years ago without you realizing it. However, EKG's are not the most accurate in detecting prior silent heart attacks. Rather, they are best used when combined with other imaging tests like Blood Tests, CT Scans and Cardiac MRI's.

Do heart problems show up on EKG? ›

An EKG cannot provide a definitive diagnosis of heart failure on its own. However, it can reveal signs that the heart may be under stress. EKGs assess the heart's electrical activity, recording the heart's rhythm and electrical impulses as waves. There are several types of wave that the EKG can measure.

Can an EKG miss something? ›

If your symptoms come and go, they may not be captured in a standard EKG. That's because an EKG records the heartbeat for only 10 seconds and may miss symptoms that occur a few times a day, week or even less often.

What heart disease Cannot be detected by ECG? ›

The condition which cannot be detected by ECG is: Blockage of coronary artery Gastric ulcer Defect of heart valve Angina
  • Blockage of coronary artery.
  • Gastric ulcer.
  • Defect of heart valve.
  • Angina.
Jan 9, 2020

Can heart blockage be detected in ECG? ›

An ECG is a great test to analyse heart signals and can directly or indirectly help spot heart blockages or artery issues.

Does abnormal ECG always show heart problems? ›

An abnormal EKG can mean many things. Sometimes an EKG abnormality is a normal variation of a heart's rhythm, which does not affect your health. Other times, an abnormal EKG can signal a medical emergency, such as a myocardial infarction (heart attack) or a dangerous arrhythmia.

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